Nuclear power plants use the heat generated from nuclear fission in a contained environment to convert water to steam, which powers generators to produce electricity. Although the construction and operation of these facilities are closely monitored and regulated by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), incidents are possible. An incident could result in dangerous levels of radiation that could affect the health and safety of the public living near the nuclear power plant. Although the risk of an incident is slight, knowing how to react during an emergency can reduce the risk of injury. Delaware's borders are within 50 miles of 4 nuclear power plant sites: Salem/Hope Creek, NJ; Calvert Cliffs, MD; Peachbottom, PA; and Limerick, PA
As of the 2000 census - 24,976 Delaware residents live within the 10-mile emergency planning zone of the Salem/Hope Creek Nuclear Power Plant in New Jersey. Radioactive material is transported through Delaware by water, air and road. Since 1995, 6 shipments of radioactive material have been transported across Delaware's waters. Delaware Emergency Management Agency (DEMA) has responded to two incidents of lost radioactive material since 1994. Think it can't happen here? It can.
Salem/Hope Creek Nuclear Generating Station on the Delaware River
- If an accident at a nuclear power plant were to release radiation in your area, local authorities would activate warning sirens or another approved alert method. They also would instruct you through the Emergency Alert System (EAS) radio stations on how to protect yourself:
WDEL-AM 1150, WWTX-AM 1290, WSTW-FM 93.7, WAMS-AM 1260, WILM-AM 1450, WDOV-AM 1410, WDSD-FM 92.9, WRJE-AM 1600, WJBR-FM 99.5, Marine Channel 16, WRDX-FM 94.7
- Take cover immediately, as far below ground as possible. Close windows and doors, turn off air conditioners, heaters or other ventilation systems. Stay where you are, watch TV, listen to the radio or check the Internet for official news as it becomes available.
- Remember three key ways to minimize your exposure to radiation: distance, shielding and time.
- Distance — The more distance between you and the source of the radiation, the better. Maximizing distance could mean evacuation or remaining indoors to minimize exposure. Follow instructions from emergency management officials.
- Shielding — Having a thick shield of heavy, dense material between you and the source of the radiation will help reduce your exposure to the radiation.
- Time — Most radioactivity loses its strength fairly quickly. Minimizing time spent exposed will also help reduce your risk.
- Keep food in covered containers or in the refrigerator. Food not previously covered should be washed before being put in to containers.
- If you expect you have been exposed to nuclear radiation:
- Change clothes and shoes.
- Put exposed clothing in a plastic bag.
- Seal the bag and place it out of the way.
- Take a thorough shower.
- Seek medical attention as directed by emergency management officials.
- Follow directions of emergency management officials.
The four Emergency Response Planning Areas (ERPAs) that are shaded on the map below show the 10-mile Emergency Planning Zone (EPZ) of the Salem and Hope Creek Nuclear Generating Stations.
Knowing the following terms will help you identify a nuclear power plant emergency:
| Notification of Unusual Event |
A small problem has occurred at the plant. No radiation leak is expected. No action on your part will be necessary. |
| Alert |
A small problem has occurred, and small amounts of radiation could leak inside the plant. This will not affect you and no action is required. |
| Site Area Emergency |
Area sirens may be sounded. Listen to your radio or television for safety information. |
| General Emergency |
Radiation could leak outside the plant and off the plant site. The sirens will sound. Tune to your local radio or television station for reports. Be prepared to follow instructions promptly |
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